CONTEXTO: Definir la Salud Mental Positiva (SMP) y conocer la “etiología de la Salud Mental” sigue resultando difícil. Los estudios para conceptualizar y operacionalizar la promoción de la Salud Mental han aumentado exponencialmente, originándose múltiples conceptos afines como Bienestar Psicológico, Florecimiento o SMP. OBJETIVO(S): Analizar la SMP como concepto para describir su evolución histórica. (2) Analizar la SMP como constructo, explorando en paralelo sus dimensiones y factores propuestos en los diversos modelos teóricos existentes. METODOLOGÍARevisión de la literatura mediante búsqueda en las bases de datos Web of Science, PubMed, Scielo, PsycINFO y Psicodoc, cuyos criterios de inclusión fue: estar escritos en inglés, español o portugués, disponibles en full-text y cuya temática trate de la SMP. Los términos de búsqueda fueron: Salud Mental Positiva, Promoción de la Salud Mental, Bienestar, Bienestar Psicológico, Bienestar Emocional y Flourish. RESULTADOS: Se obtuvieron un total de 128 artículos que daban respuesta a los objetivos, aunque finalmente se utilizaron 20 para la realización de este trabajo. Tras el análisis categorial de la información obtenida, se establecieron dos apartados para dar respuesta a los objetivos. CONCLUSIONES: La SMP como concepto ha encontrado su espacio en el ámbito de la Salud Pública, y de la Psicología, siendo equiparable a términos como Bienestar o Flourish. Como constructo, Hedonía y Eudamonía se constituyen como sus principales componentes.

CONTEXTO: Definir a Saúde Mental Positiva (SMP) e conhecer a "etiologia da Saúde Mental" permanece difícil. Estudos para conceptualizar e operacionalizar a promoção da Saúde Mental têm aumentado exponencialmente, dando origem a múltiplos conceitos relacionados, tais como bem-estar psicológico, “flourish” ou SMP. OBJETIVO(S): Analisar a SMP como um conceito para descrever sua evolução histórica. (2) Analisar a SMP como construto, explorando em paralelo dimensões e fatores propostos nos diversos modelos teóricos existentes. MÉTODOS: Revisão da literatura por meio de busca nas bases de dados Web of Science, PubMed, Scielo, PsycINFO e Psicodoc, cujos critérios de inclusão foram: ser escrito em inglês, espanhol ou português, disponível em texto integral e cujo assunto trata da SMP. Os termos da pesquisa foram: Saúde Mental Positiva, Promoção da Saúde Mental, Bem-estar, Bem-estar Psicológico, Bem-estar Emocional e Flourish. RESULTADOS: Foram obtidos um total de 128 artigos que responderam aos objetivos, embora 20 tenham sido utilizados para a realização deste trabalho. Após a análise categorial das informações obtidas, foram estabelecidas duas secções para responder aos objetivos. CONCLUSÕES: A SMP como conceito tem encontrado seu lugar no campo da Saúde Pública e Psicologia, sendo comparável a termos como Bem-estar ou Flourish. Como construto, Hedonía e Eudamonía são seus principais componentes.

BACKGROUND:Defining Positive Mental Health (PMH) and knowing the "etiology of Mental Health" remains difficult. Studies to conceptualize and operationalize the positive aspect of Mental Health have increased exponentially, giving rise to multiple related concepts such as Psychological Wellbeing, Flourishing or PMH. AIM: To analyze the PMH as a concept, to describe its historical evolution. (2) To analyze the PMH as a construct, exploring in parallel its dimensions and factors proposed in the various existing theoretical models. METHODS: Literature review by means of search in the Web of Science, PubMed, Scielo, PsycINFO and Psicodoc databases,whose inclusion criteria were: to be written in English, Spanish or Portuguese, available in full-text and whose subject matter deals with the SMP.The search terms were: Positive Mental Health, Mental Health Promotion, Well-being, Psychological Well-being, Emotional Well-being and Flourish. RESULTS A total of 128 articles were obtained that gave answer to the objectives, although 20 were finally used for the accomplishment of this work. After the categorial analysis of the information obtained, two sections were established to respond to the objectives. CONCLUSIONS: The PMH as a concept has found its place in the field of Public Health, and Psychology, being comparable to terms such as Well-Being or Flourish. As a construct, Hedonia and Eudamonia constitute themselves as its main components.

Abstract Adolescence is an important developmental period that is characterised by heightened problems of adjustment. The aim of this study is to analyse adolescents’ adjustment, and to explore the typologies and dimensions of parenting, and thus to determine the relationships between these factors. The sample comprised 1285 adolescent students aged 12 to 16 from the Basque Country (Spain). The students filled out the self-report of the Behavior Assessment System for Children (BASC) and the Parental Acceptance-Rejection/Control Questionnaire, (PARQ/Control). Differences by age were found in the adolescents’ school maladjustment and parenting style perception. Moreover, perceptions of little parental warmth were related to higher levels of clinical and school maladjustment, and the lower the parental control, the greater the clinical maladjustment. Finally, the results obtained revealed that the interaction between the mothers’ and fathers’ parenting styles was significant only for clinical maladjustment; those students with neglectful mothers and authoritative fathers presented the highest level of clinical maladjustment, followed by other combinations of neglectful mothers. Furthermore, the students from neglectful and authoritarian families presented the highest levels of school maladjustment, without differences between neglectful and authoritarian or between indulgent and authoritative families.

The goal of this study was to analyze the rate of child depressive symptomatology in the school context through the analysis of the clinical and school variables related to such symptomatology, with a view to obtaining a predictive model of depression that could help in the detection and understanding of this pathology. The sample was made up of 1104 children aged 8 to 12 from schools in the Basque Country. Participants filled out the Children's Depression Scale (CDS) and the S-2 self-report from the Behavior Assessment System for Children and Adolescents (BASC). Homeroom teachers provided Information on each pupil's academic performance. The results indicated an interaction between pupils' sex and age, and this would support the developmental perspective on depressive disorder. In boys, depressive symptomatology levels fell with age, but in girls there was a slight rise at age 12. The most noteworthy predictors of child depression were social stress, anxiety, sense of inadequacy and low selfesteem, which would be in support of the emotional, social and cognitive dimensions of depressive symptomatology.

El objetivo del estudio consistía en analizar la tasa de sintomatología depresiva infantil en el ámbito escolar a partir del examen de las variables clínicas y escolares relacionadas con la sintomatología depresiva, para obtener un modelo predictor de la depresión que ayude a detectar y a entender mejor esta patología. La muestra estaba compuesta por 1104 estudiantes de 8 a 12 años de edad de distintos centros escolares de la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco. Los participantes cumplimentaron el Cuestionario de Depresión para Niños (CDS) y el autoinforme S-2 del Sistema de Evaluación de la Conducta de Niños y Adolescentes (BASC). Los maestros tutores proporcionaron información sobre el rendimiento académico de cada estudiante. Los resultados mostraron una interacción entre el sexo y la edad de los alumnos, lo que apoyaría la perspectiva evolutiva del trastorno depresivo. En los chicos los niveles de sintomatología depresiva descendían con la edad, pero en las chicas se daba un ligero repunte a la edad de 12 años. Los predictores más destacables de la depresión infantil eran el estrés social, la ansiedad, el sentido de incapacidad y la baja autoestima, lo que vendría a demostrar la vertiente emocional, social y cognitiva de la sintomatología depresiva.